Some months ago I received and read the fascinating book Reinventing Gravity: A Physicist Goes Beyond Einstein by John W. Moffat, which focuses on Moffat's attempt to resolve some major cosmological questions by modifying Einstein's theory of general relativity. He has not met with much success or acceptance. I admit that I am personally quite drawn to these underdog theories of physics, which have been kept down by the "man."
Moffat originally began tinkering around with the fundamental constants of the universe back in 1992, when he developed the first coherent variable speed of light (VSL) cosmology, and Modified Gravity (or MOG) is his latest attempt to use this sort of approach (in this case, allowing for variation of the gravitational constant) to explain the great cosmological mysteries of the universe without resorting to dark matter, inflation theory, or various other standard explanations presented by most cosmologists. For more information, read our review.
After having read the book, I'm not convinced that Moffat is right, but I am convinced that his ideas merit greater attention than they're receiving from the majority of the physics community. He is in the unfortunate position of having an idea to (potentially) explain facts that most physicists feel don't need a new explanation. Only time will tell whether their explanation will survive all the challenges of further investigation in the years to come, in which case Moffat's work (or the related Modified Newtonian Dynamics or MOND theory) may provide a good alternative.
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GRAVITY, BLACK HOLES, EXPANSION, AND DARK ENERGY
In the continuum of space and time, the dichotomy of matter and energy exists. All things exist as both matter and energy, but are experienced as one or the other.
As energy, all things exist as wave patterns. Most wave patterns are interferences of simpler wave patterns. Interference patterns have the same shape as the simpler contributing patterns, but on a larger scale. The simplest wave forms are those that do not interfere with other waves. These simplest wave forms hold their shape as they propagate. There are three such forms.
The first such wave form is seen in three dimensions as the spherical expansion wave of a bomb blast, and in two dimensions as the circular wave of expansion on the water where a rock was tossed in. The second wave form is seen in three dimensions as the cone of sonic boom following an aircraft traveling faster than sound, and in two dimensions as the V-wake on the water where the boat is traveling faster than the water wave. The third wave form is seen in three dimensions as the propagation torus of a smoke ring and is seen in two dimensions as the double vortexes of an oar stroke on the water. The cone, sphere, and torus are mathematically related.
The Universe is a local density fluctuation (also called a wave pulse). On this local density fluctuation wave, lesser wave forms may exist. All simple wave forms are also local density fluctuations, and as such are indeed universes in their own right, where other waves may exist.
Consider the torus as a universe. Einstein said that gravity is indistinguishable from acceleration. There is both linear acceleration and angular acceleration. Although the torus as a whole travels in a straight line, every local point on the torus travels in a circle and experiences angular acceleration.
The rubber sheet model of gravity and curved space translates directly to the propagating torus with angular acceleration. Acceleration is downward on the rubber sheet and outward on the torus. The tension field that separates the inside of the torus from the outside holds its shape as a simple two dimensional field of space and time just as the rubber sheet does.
Experimentally verifiable is that a big fat slow smoke ring generated in a room with very still air will eventually possess a bulge that travels in a circle on the surface of the smoke ring. This bulge, being a gravitational depression, gathers more of the energy of the field toward itself. Finally the bulge gathers enough material to collapse the field and eject a new, smaller smoke ring out in the same direction as the first torus. This collapse is a black hole to the first torus, and a white hole to the second torus.
While gravity tends to draw depressions together locally on a torus, even to the point of collapse, other areas on a torus expand and contract globally without regard to any local phenomenon. This is quintescence. The inertia of the torus to propagate is its dark energy. This is a two-dimensional example of a process that exists in three dimensions as well.
From structureofexistence.com by Dan Echegoyen 951-204-0201
Gravity theory and quantum mechanical interpretations are another balckholes and you can not come out of it.The variable speed of light at squre root c velocity shfting the mass into imaginary i mass out out of mass increase wit reference to velocity of spin and critiaclly disappares at a point as pointed out by Dr.CHANDRASEKHAR ASTRO NOBEL PHYSICST.But thre seems to 12 gravitational diferentiation of magnetic field modulation of fire,earth,air ,water affined dynamics